- black or brown with rust red, clearly defined and clear markings (tan markings).
- Tan markings are on the muzzle as a spot on the cheeks and the top of the eyebrow
- on the throat
- two spots on the forechest
- on the metacarpus, metatarsus and feet
- on the inner side of the hind thigh
- on the forearms and under the tail
About the Dobermann
Origin: Germany
- Typical life span
- 10-12 years
- Size
- Large — from its typical weight
- Weight
- Male
- 34-45 kg
- Female
- 27-41 kg
- Height
- Male
- 66-71 cm
- Female
- 61-66 cm
- FCI status
- Reconocida por la FCI
- FCI groupFCI divides this breed into varieties, and our sources don’t record which one a breeder works. Ask them which variety their line is.
- Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossoid and Swiss Mountain and Cattledogs
- Origin
- Germany
- Known hereditary risks
- 5 documented conditions, with the test for each
About
What is a Dobermann?
Medium-large, sleek, athletic and powerful dog known for exceptional loyalty and intelligence. This elegant working breed combines strength with agility and has a confident, alert demeanor.
Dobermann history and origins
Created in late 19th century by Karl Friedrich Louis Dobermann using breeds such as the Rottweiler, German Pinscher, and others for protection and companionship
Dobermann appearance and size
Males typically weigh 34-45 kg and stand 66-71 cm at the shoulder; females 27-41 kg and 61-66 cm.
Lo que dice el estándar de la raza
- Criado para
- Companion, protection and working dog
- Comportamiento y temperamento
“The disposition of the Dobermann is friendly and calm; very devoted to the family. Medium temperament and medium sharpness (alertness) is desired. A medium threshold of irritation is required with a good contact to the owner. Easy to train, the Dobermann enjoys working, and shall have good working ability, courage, and hardness. The particular values of self-confidence and intrepidness are required, and also adaptability and attention to fit the social environment”
Quoted from FCI standard n°143. It describes the breed the registry recognises, not any individual animal.
Referencia de la raza de The Dog API.
Características
- Tamaño
- Large
- Necesidad de ejercicio
- —
- Facilidad de adiestramiento
- —
- Caída de pelo
- 1 of 5
- Cuidados del pelo
- 2 of 5
- Convivencia con niños
- —
- Coste de mantenimiento
- —
- Tolera quedarse solo
- —
- Inteligencia
- —
- Salud de la raza
- 5 conditions documented
Pros & cons
Pros y contras de la raza Dobermann
Lo que obtienes con la raza Dobermann
- Función declarada en el estándar: «Companion, protection and working dog»
- El estándar describe la raza así: «The disposition of the Dobermann is friendly and calm»
- Exige pocos cuidados del pelo, adecuado para quien tiene poco tiempo — el pelo es «The hair is short, hard and dense»
Lo que asumes
- Están documentadas 3 enfermedades hereditarias graves, sobre todo en corazón y circulación y huesos y articulaciones. La pestaña de la guía de salud tiene la prueba que hay que pedir en cada una.
Extraído de fuentes y no escrito como opinión — investigación de salud citada, el estándar del propio registro, y estudios de longevidad revisados por pares. Estándar de la raza, FCI; European Society of Veterinary Cardiology screening guidelines for DCM in Doberman Pinschers (PubMed). Los animales de un criador pueden diferir de todo esto, y una columna vacía significa que no tenemos nada de ese lado, no que no haya nada que decir.
Characteristics
Estándar de la FCI · Dobermann
Pelo y color
Tal como lo establece el estándar de la FCI. Cada línea de abajo está en las palabras del propio estándar.
Coat
The hair is short, hard and dense.
It lies tight and smooth and is equally distributed over the whole surface.
Undercoat is not allowed
Color
- Preferred
- Permissible
- Undesirable
- Disqualifying
«Preferred», «permissible», «undesirable» y «disqualifying» — preferido, admisible, indeseable y descalificante — son las palabras de la propia FCI sobre la raza, y quedan en inglés porque así constan en el estándar. Describen lo que el estándar pide — no son una valoración de ningún perro concreto, ni nuestra.
Resumido de FCI standard n°143 — cada etiqueta está en las palabras del propio estándar, con el veredicto pasado a la etiqueta de al lado. Lee la cláusula completa en la fuente.
Lo que dice el estándar de la raza
- Tamaño
- “Height at the withers: Males: 68 – 72 cm. Females: 63 – 68 cm. Medium size desirable. Weight: Males: about 40 – 45 kg. Females: about 32 – 35 kg”
- La FCI distingue un ideal de lo que está permitido.
Quoted from FCI standard n°143. It describes the breed the registry recognises, not any individual animal.
Lo que el estándar penaliza
Aquello por lo que un juez resta puntos a la raza Dobermann, y lo que la deja fuera del ring, en las palabras del propio registro. Esto describe el estándar de la raza — no es una lista de comprobación para el animal que tienes delante, y un animal de compañía con un defecto descalificante es un perro que no puede ir a exposición, no un perro enfermo.
Defectos descalificantes
Dejan al animal fuera del ring por completo.
- Yellow eyes (bird of prey eye); different coloured eyes.
- Overshot; level bite; undershot; missing teeth according to the formula.
- White spots. Visible undercoat.
- Dogs which deviate more than 2 cm over or under the standard
FCI varieties
FCI divides the Dobermann into these varieties, listed in the registry's own words. Depending on the breed they separate colour, coat, size or line — they are not a full list of colours, which no registry we hold publishes. Ask a breeder which variety their line is.
- BLACK WITH RUST RED CLEARLY DEFINED AND CLEAN MARKINGS
- BROWN WITH RUST RED CLEARLY DEFINED AND CLEAN MARKINGS
Información a nivel de raza, de The Dog API. Describe la raza Dobermann en general; cualquier animal concreto puede ser distinto.
Health guide
Health & screening guide for the Dobermann
Riesgos hereditarios conocidos en la raza Dobermann, y la documentación concreta que hay que pedir a cualquier criador antes de pagar una señal. Un criador responsable tiene esta documentación a mano; esquivar la pregunta es mala señal.
5 enfermedades documentadasEsto es literatura a nivel de raza, no asesoramiento veterinario sobre un animal concreto — tu veterinario conoce al animal.
Health checklist (PDF)Heart & circulation
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
Serious
The leading cause of death in the breed: the heart muscle weakens and enlarges, eventually causing heart failure or a sudden fatal arrhythmia. Onset is typically in mid-to-late adulthood, and the early, symptomless phase can only be caught by active screening — not by looking at the dog.
Qué pedir
An echocardiogram (Simpson's method of discs) plus a 24-hour Holter ECG, repeated annually from age 3, read by a veterinary cardiologist, on both parents — the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology's published Dobermann protocol. Two commercial DNA markers (DCM1/PDK4, DCM2/TTN) are sold as risk tests, but their predictive value is disputed: US research found dogs carrying both variants develop DCM at a higher rate but with incomplete penetrance, while a 2024 UK study found no association between these markers and DCM in European-bred Dobermanns. A DNA panel is not a substitute for the echocardiogram and Holter.
Immune system
Autoimmune (lymphocytic) thyroiditis / hypothyroidism
Monitor
The immune system attacks the thyroid gland, gradually leaving the dog unable to produce enough thyroid hormone. It is progressive and will not resolve on its own, but is usually well managed for life with a daily tablet once diagnosed.
Qué pedir
An OFA thyroid panel (T4, TSH and thyroglobulin autoantibodies) from an approved laboratory, repeated annually, on both parents.
Bones & joints
Cervical spondylomyelopathy (Wobbler syndrome)
Serious
Compression of the spinal cord in the neck, causing an unsteady, wobbling gait that can progress to weakness or paralysis in middle-aged dogs. The parent club describes it as suspected to be inherited, but no mode of inheritance is established.
Qué pedir
No genetic test or breeding screen exists. A diagnosis in a symptomatic dog is made by MRI or myelography of the cervical spine, read by a veterinary specialist — ask the breeder whether the condition has occurred in the dog's close relatives.
Hip dysplasia
Monitor
Malformation of the hip joint that can progress to arthritis, pain and lameness. The parent club lists it among the breed's inherited orthopaedic conditions and requires it to be screened before breeding.
Qué pedir
A hip evaluation via OFA or the BVA/KC hip scheme, on both parents.
Blood
Von Willebrand disease Type I
Serious
An inherited bleeding disorder caused by low von Willebrand factor, which can turn routine surgery, whelping or an injury into a serious or fatal haemorrhage. Carrier status is unusually common in this breed.
Qué pedir
A DNA test for von Willebrand disease Type I (vWD1), on both parents, from a laboratory such as UC Davis VGL, Laboklin or Embark. This has replaced the older ELISA antigen blood test, which the parent club notes is unreliable around illness, vaccination, heat or stress.
Cuánto vive la raza Dobermann, en los registros
Supervivencia mediana de 11,2 años
Intervalo de confianza al 95% de 11,0–11,5 años, a partir de 1623 muertes registradas entre 3531 perros
Riesgo de mortalidad de 1.14 (1.08, 1.2) respecto a perros mestizos, cuya mediana es de 12,0 años.
Medido en el Reino Unido a partir de 584.734 perros. La supervivencia mediana no es una predicción para un perro concreto.
McMillan, K.M., Bielby, J., Williams, C.L., Upjohn, M.M., Casey, R.A. & Christley, R.M. (2024) Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death. Scientific Reports 14, 531.
Gallery
Todavía sin fotografías
Aquí es donde irán las fotografías de los propios dueños de Dobermann, desde los perfiles de sus animales que mantienen aquí. Nadie ha añadido ninguna a una página pública todavía.
Una fotografía en un perfil de animal queda privada de su dueño. No pondremos ninguna aquí a menos que nos lo pidan.
Puppies
No puppies listed right now
That is not the same as none existing. Publishing a litter is part of a breeder's subscription here, so a Dobermann breeder can have a litter and no listing — ask them directly.
See Dobermann breeders