Saltar para o conteúdo

About the Dachshund

Origin: Germany
Typical life span
12-16 years
Size
Medium — from its typical weight
Weight
7-14.5 kg
Height
20-23 cm
FCI status
Reconhecida pela FCI
FCI group
Dachshunds
Origin
Germany
Also called
Teckel

About

What is a Dachshund?

Long-bodied, short-legged hound with distinctive elongated build, available in three coat types (smooth, wirehaired, and longhaired). Originally bred for hunting badgers in burrows, this bold and lively scent hound is known for its courageous, intelligent, and playful personality.

Dachshund history and origins

Developed in Germany over 300 years ago (records date to 15th century) specifically for hunting badgers in their burrows. The name 'Dachshund' translates to 'badger dog' in German. Wirehaired varieties were developed by crossing with terriers for work in thorny terrain, while longhaired varieties were created using spaniels for colder climates.

Dachshund appearance and size

Typically 7-14.5 kg and 20-23 cm at the shoulder — published as one range rather than separately for males and females.

O que diz o padrão da raça

Criado para
Hunting dog, above and below ground
Comportamento e temperamento
Friendly by nature, neither fearful nor aggressive, with even temperament. Passionate, persistent and fast hunting dog with an excellent nose

Quoted from FCI standard n°148. It describes the breed the registry recognises, not any individual animal.

Referência da raça de The Dog API.

Características

Tamanho
Medium
Necessidade de exercício
4 of 5
Facilidade de treino
Queda de pelo
3 of 5
Cuidados com o pelo
3 of 5

Smooth-haired3 of 5

Wire-haired3 of 5

Long-haired4 of 5

Convivência com crianças
Custo de manutenção
Tolera ficar sozinho
Inteligência

Pros & cons

Prós e contras da raça Dachshund

O que ganha com a raça Dachshund

  • Função declarada no padrão: «Hunting dog, above and below ground»
  • O padrão descreve a raça assim: «Friendly by nature, neither fearful nor aggressive, with even temperament»

O que tem de assumir

  • Estão documentadas 3 doenças hereditárias graves, sobretudo em ossos e articulações e cérebro e nervos. O separador do guia de saúde tem o exame a pedir para cada uma.

Retirado de fontes e não escrito como opinião — investigação de saúde citada, o padrão do próprio registo, e estudos de longevidade revistos por pares. Padrão da raça, FCI; UFAW / Dachshund: Intervertebral Disc Disease. Os animais de um criador podem diferir de tudo isto, e uma coluna vazia significa que não temos nada desse lado, não que não haja nada a dizer.

Characteristics

Padrão da FCI · Dachshund

Pelo e cor

A FCI publica 3 variedades de pelo para a raça Dachshund, cada uma admitindo 4 padrões de cor. Cada linha abaixo está nas palavras do próprio padrão, etiquetada com preferred, permissible, undesirable e disqualifying.

Coat

Not showing any bald patches anywhere.

  • Short
  • Dense
  • Shiny
  • Smooth fitting
  • Tight and harsh

Notes

  • Tail: fine, fully but not too profusely coated.
  • Somewhat longer guard hair on underside is not a fault

Padrões de cor

  • Preferred
  • Permissible
  • Undesirable
  • Disqualifying

«Preferred», «permissible», «undesirable» e «disqualifying» — preferida, admissível, indesejável e desqualificante — são as palavras da própria FCI sobre a raça, e ficam em inglês porque é assim que constam do padrão. Descrevem o que o padrão exige — não são uma avaliação de nenhum cão em concreto, nem nossa.

One-coloured

Cor de base

Red

  • Permissible: Interspersed black hairs
  • Preferred: A clean dark colour
  • Permissible: A small white spot (up to 3 cm diameter) on the chest
  • Undesirable: Reddish-brown

Nariz · unhas · almofadas

Black

Two-coloured

  • Preferred: Deep black or brown, each with tan markings (the darker, the better and as clean as possible)
    • Over eyes
    • On sides of muzzle and of the lower lip
    • On inner edge of ears
    • On forechest
    • On inside and rear side of legs
    • On the feet
    • Around the anus and from there reaching to about one third or one half of the underside of the tail
  • Permissible: A small white spot (up to 3 cm diameter) on the chest
  • Undesirable: Too wide spread, as well as insufficient tan markings

Nariz · unhas · almofadas

Black in dogs with black base colour, brown, in dogs with brown base colour

Colour pattern Dapple (Merle)

  • The base colour is always the dark colour (black or brown).
  • Exception: red dapples (red with dark spots).
  • Irregular grey but also beige spots (large patches not desired)
  • Neither the dark nor the light colour is predominant.
  • For nose, nails and pads see under a) and b).

Colour pattern Brindle

  • The colour of a brindle Dachshund is red with dark brindle.
  • Disqualifying: All previously not mentioned colours and colour patterns
  • Undesirable: Lack of pigmentation

Nariz · unhas · almofadas

Black

Disponibilidade de cores por variedade

Todos os 4 padrões são aceites em todas as 3 variedades.

Que padrões de cor cada variedade de pelo admite, segundo o padrão da FCI
Padrão de corSmooth-hairedWire-hairedLong-haired
One-colouredAceiteAceiteAceite
Two-coloured / Multi-colouredAceiteAceiteAceite
Colour pattern Dapple (Merle)AceiteAceiteAceite
Colour pattern BrindleAceiteAceiteAceite

A FCI dá a letra b) a este padrão em todas as variedades, mas chama-lhe Two-coloured e Multi-coloured.

Variedades da FCI

A FCI lista 3 variedades de Dachshund — Standard, Miniature, Rabbit Dachshund — e reconhece cada uma delas em todos os 3 pelos: Long-haired, Smooth-haired, Wire-haired.

Medido aos 15+ meses · Chest circumference (cm)

Classificação de tamanho

Chest circumference measured when at least 15 months old, from highest point of the withers to the lowest point of the chest (with little tense tape measure).

253035404550
  • Standard3747 Male, over 37 cm – up to 47 cm3545 Female, over 35 cm – up to 45 cm
  • Miniature3237 Male, over 32 cm – up to 37 cm3035 Female, over 30 up – to 35 cm
  • Rabbit2732 Male, 27 cm – up to 32 cm2530 Female, 25 cm – up to 30 cm
  • Male
  • Female

Chest circumference in cm. Transcribed from FCI standard n°148, read 2026-08-31.

Resumido de FCI standard n°148 — cada etiqueta está nas palavras do próprio padrão, com o veredito passado para a etiqueta ao lado. Leia a cláusula completa na fonte.

O que o padrão penaliza

Aquilo que faz um juiz descontar pontos à raça Dachshund, e o que a põe fora do ring, nas palavras do próprio registo. Isto descreve o padrão da raça — não é uma lista de verificação para o animal que tem à frente, e um animal de companhia com um defeito desqualificante é um cão que não pode ir a exposição, não um cão doente.

Defeitos graves

Contam fortemente contra um exemplar no ring.

  • Weak, long-legged or body trailing on ground.
  • Other tooth faults than those described among «faults» or «disqualifying faults».
  • Wall eye in any colour other than dapple.
  • Pointed, very folded ears.
  • Body sagging between shoulders.
  • Hollow back, roach back.
  • Weak loins.
  • Markedly higher in the rear (croup higher than withers).
  • Chest too weak.
  • Flanks with lyre shape tuck up.
  • Poorly angulated fore- and hindquarters.
  • Narrow hindquarters with poor muscle tone.
  • Cow hocks or bowlegs.
  • Feet turning markedly inwards or outwards.
  • Splayed toes.
  • Heavy, clumsy, waddling movement

Defeitos desqualificantes

Põem o animal fora do ring por completo.

  • Untypical specimen.
  • Undershot or overshot mouth, wry mouth.
  • Faulty positioning of the lower canines.
  • Missing of one or more canines or one or more incisors.
  • Missing of other premolars or molars. Exceptions: The two PM1 or one PM2 without consideration of the M3, as mentioned under “Faults”.
  • Chest: sternum cut off.
  • Any faults of the tail.
  • Very loose shoulders.
  • Knuckling over in the wrist.
  • Black or brown colour without tan markings; white colour with or without tan markings.
  • Colours and colour patterns other than those listed under “Colour and Colour Patterns”

FCI standard n°148

Informação ao nível da raça, de The Dog API. Descreve a raça Dachshund em geral; qualquer animal em concreto pode ser diferente.

Health guide

Health & screening guide for the Dachshund

Riscos hereditários conhecidos na raça Dachshund, e a documentação específica a pedir a qualquer criador antes de pagar um sinal. Um criador responsável tem esta documentação à mão; desviar a conversa é um mau indício.

4 doenças documentadas

Health checklist (PDF)

Bones & joints

Chondrodystrophy-linked intervertebral disc disease (IVDD)

SeriousInerente à raça

Premature, early-onset degeneration and calcification of the intervertebral discs, which can herniate and cause severe pain, paralysis, or death; around one in four Dachshunds develops clinical signs in its lifetime. Present breed-wide (allele frequency around 92% in one large testing-lab sample) but clinical prevalence differs by variety: a 2016 owner survey found it highest in Standard Smooth-Haired dogs (24.4%) and lowest in Standard Wire-Haired dogs (7.1%).

O que pedir

A CDDY/IVDD-risk DNA test on both parents, or a radiographic disc-calcification score taken between 2 and 4 years of age

4 sources

Brain & nerves

Lafora disease

Serious

A late-onset, severe form of epilepsy causing myoclonic jerking and seizures from around age five, progressing to neurodegeneration; affected dogs are frequently euthanised within a few years of diagnosis. Specific to the MINIATURE WIRE-HAIRED variety.

O que pedir

A DNA test for the NHLRC1 repeat-expansion mutation on both parents

3 sources

Eyes

Progressive retinal atrophy, cone-rod dystrophy (cord1/CRD4)

Monitor

A degeneration of both rod and cone cells in the retina causing progressive vision loss, usually apparent by around three years of age; penetrance is incomplete, so not every dog carrying two copies goes blind. OFA states this variant causes a real risk of clinical disease specifically in the MINIATURE LONG-HAIRED Dachshund (and in English Springer Spaniels); in other Dachshund varieties the risk of clinical disease from the same variant is described as low.

O que pedir

A PRA-CRD4/CORD1 (RPGRIP1) DNA test on both parents

1 source

Kidneys & urinary

Cystinuria

Serious

A defect in kidney amino-acid transport that lets cystine crystallise in urine, forming bladder or urethral stones that can cause a life-threatening obstruction, especially in males. Best documented in Miniature Smooth-haired lines, and reported breed-wide.

O que pedir

A cystinuria (SLC3A1) DNA test on both parents

1 source

Quanto tempo vive a raça Dachshund, nos registos

Dachshund

Sobrevivência mediana de 13,2 anos

Intervalo de confiança a 95% de 13,0–13,5 anos, a partir de 926 mortes registadas entre 2325 cães

Risco de mortalidade de 0.77 (0.72, 0.83) em relação a cães de raça indeterminada, cuja mediana é de 12,0 anos.

Medido no Reino Unido a partir de 584 734 cães. A sobrevivência mediana não é uma previsão para um cão em concreto.

McMillan, K.M., Bielby, J., Williams, C.L., Upjohn, M.M., Casey, R.A. & Christley, R.M. (2024) Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death. Scientific Reports 14, 531.

Miniature Dachshund

Sobrevivência mediana de 14,0 anos

Intervalo de confiança a 95% de 13,7–14,2 anos, a partir de 1655 mortes registadas entre 7271 cães

Risco de mortalidade de 0.65 (0.62, 0.69) em relação a cães de raça indeterminada, cuja mediana é de 12,0 anos.

Medido no Reino Unido a partir de 584 734 cães. A sobrevivência mediana não é uma previsão para um cão em concreto.

McMillan, K.M., Bielby, J., Williams, C.L., Upjohn, M.M., Casey, R.A. & Christley, R.M. (2024) Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death. Scientific Reports 14, 531.

Puppies

No puppies listed right now

No Dachshund breeder has a record on this platform yet, so there is nothing to list. That is a gap in our coverage, not a fact about the breed.

Secções