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About the French Bulldog

Origin: France
Typical life span
10-12 years
Size
Medium — from its typical weight
Weight
7-13 kg
Height
28-33 cm
FCI status
Reconocida por la FCI
FCI group
Companion and Toy Dogs
Origin
France
Also called
Bulldog Frances
Known hereditary risks
6 documented conditions, with the test for each

About

What is a French Bulldog?

Small, compact muscular companion dog known for its distinctive large bat-like ears, flat smooshed face, and short smooth coat. Originally developed as a beloved companion breed with a playful, alert disposition.

French Bulldog history and origins

Developed in 19th century France when English lacemakers brought Toy Bulldogs to France and crossed them with local French ratters becoming highly fashionable in Parisian society

French Bulldog appearance and size

Typically 7-13 kg and 28-33 cm at the shoulder — published as one range rather than separately for males and females.

Lo que dice el estándar de la raza

Criado para
Companion and Toy dog
Comportamiento y temperamento
“Sociable, lively, playful, possessive, and keen companion dog”

Quoted from FCI standard n°101. It describes the breed the registry recognises, not any individual animal.

Referencia de la raza de The Dog API.

Características

Tamaño
Medium
Necesidad de ejercicio
2 of 5
Facilidad de adiestramiento
—
Caída de pelo
1 of 5
Cuidados del pelo
—
Convivencia con niños
—
Coste de mantenimiento
—
Tolera quedarse solo
—
Inteligencia
—
Salud de la raza
6 conditions documented

Pros & cons

Pros y contras de la raza French Bulldog

Lo que obtienes con la raza French Bulldog

  • Función declarada en el estándar: «Companion and Toy dog»
  • El estándar describe la raza así: «Sociable, lively, playful, possessive, and keen companion dog»

Lo que asumes

  • Están documentadas 4 enfermedades hereditarias graves, sobre todo en huesos y articulaciones y ojos. La pestaña de la guía de salud tiene la prueba que hay que pedir en cada una.
  • Vive menos que un perro mestizo — mediana de 9.8 años en 11853 animales, frente a 12

Extraído de fuentes y no escrito como opinión — investigación de salud citada, el estándar del propio registro, y estudios de longevidad revisados por pares. Estándar de la raza, FCI; RVC VetCompass - French Bulldogs differ to other dogs in the UK in propensity for many common disorders (O'Neill et al.); McMillan et al. 2024, median age at death. Los animales de un criador pueden diferir de todo esto, y una columna vacía significa que no tenemos nada de ese lado, no que no haya nada que decir.

Characteristics

Estándar de la FCI · French Bulldog

Pelo y color

Tal como lo establece el estándar de la FCI. Cada línea de abajo está en las palabras del propio estándar, etiquetada con preferred y permissible.

Coat

  • Smooth coat
  • Close
  • Glossy and soft
  • Without undercoat

Color

  • Preferred
  • Permissible
  • Undesirable
  • Disqualifying

«Preferred», «permissible», «undesirable» y «disqualifying» — preferido, admisible, indeseable y descalificante — son las palabras de la propia FCI sobre la raza, y quedan en inglés porque así constan en el estándar. Describen lo que el estándar pide — no son una valoración de ningún perro concreto, ni nuestra.

Color de base

fawn, brindled or not, with or without white spotting

  • Coat with colouring: Brindle: Fawn coat moderately characterized by transversal dark brindling creating a ‘tiger-marked’ effect, strongly brindled coats must not cover out the fawn ground colour.
  • A black mask may be present.
  • Limited white spotting is admissible.
  • Preferred: Fawn: Solid coat, from light fawn to dark fawn, sometimes presenting a paler colouring of the inclined parts, with or without a black mask, although masked subjects
  • Sometimes accompanied by limited white spotting.
  • Coat with white spotting: Brindled with moderate or important white spotting: So-called ‘pied’, the spotting being ideally distributed over the entire subject.
  • Some blotches on the skin are admissible.
  • Fawn with moderate or important white spotting: So-called ‘fawn and white’, the spotting being ideally distributed over the entire dog.
  • Permissible: Some blotches of the skin
  • The nose is always black, in all coat colours, never brown or blue.
  • The all-white subjects provided the edge of eyelids and nose are black – but not bred for, because of a risk of deafness

Resumido de FCI standard n°101 — cada etiqueta está en las palabras del propio estándar, con el veredicto pasado a la etiqueta de al lado. Lee la cláusula completa en la fuente.

Lo que el estándar penaliza

Aquello por lo que un juez resta puntos a la raza French Bulldog, y lo que la deja fuera del ring, en las palabras del propio registro. Esto describe el estándar de la raza — no es una lista de comprobación para el animal que tienes delante, y un animal de compañía con un defecto descalificante es un perro que no puede ir a exposición, no un perro enfermo.

Defectos graves

Cuentan mucho en contra de un ejemplar en el ring.

  • Muzzle too long or excessively short.
  • Tongue visible when mouth is closed.
  • Light eyes (hawk eye).
  • Excessive depigmentation of the lips, nose, eyelids, the rim of which should never be entirely depigmented.
  • Pincer bite.
  • Arch back (camel back)

Defectos descalificantes

Dejan al animal fuera del ring por completo.

  • Lacks type: insufficient ethnic characteristics which result in the dog not really resembling other subjects of the breed.
  • Completely closed nostrils.
  • Torsion or lateral deviation of the jaw, resulting in the tongue constantly being visible.
  • Dog with lower incisors articulating behind upper incisors.
  • Dog with permanently visible canines (fangs), mouth being closed.
  • Heterochrome eyes (wall eye).
  • Colour of nose other than black.
  • Ears not carried erect.
  • Taillessness or ingrown tail.
  • Dewclaw on hindquarters.
  • Reversed hock.
  • Long, wired-haired or woolly coat.
  • Colour not in accordance with what is prescribed in the standard, namely black, black with fawn markings (black and tan) and all dilutions of black with or without white spotting.
  • Size and weight outside the standard limits.
  • Respiratory distress.
  • Deafness

FCI standard n°101

FCI varieties

FCI divides the French Bulldog into these varieties, listed in the registry's own words. Depending on the breed they separate colour, coat, size or line — they are not a full list of colours, which no registry we hold publishes. Ask a breeder which variety their line is.

  • BRINDLED
  • FAWN
  • BRINDLED WITH MEDIUM OR PREDOMINANT WHITE PATCHING (PIED)
  • FAWN WITH MEDIUM OR PREDOMINANT WHITE PATCHING (FAWN AND WHITE)

Información a nivel de raza, de The Dog API. Describe la raza French Bulldog en general; cualquier animal concreto puede ser distinto.

Health guide

Health & screening guide for the French Bulldog

Riesgos hereditarios conocidos en la raza French Bulldog, y la documentación concreta que hay que pedir a cualquier criador antes de pagar una señal. Un criador responsable tiene esta documentación a mano; esquivar la pregunta es mala señal.

6 enfermedades documentadas

Health checklist (PDF)

Bones & joints

Vertebral malformation (hemivertebrae) and intervertebral disc disease

SeriousInherente a la raza

The gene(s) that produce the breed's screw (kinked) tail also cause malformed, wedge-shaped vertebrae elsewhere in the spine, most often in the chest. This can destabilise the spine and compress the spinal cord, causing pain, incoordination or hind-limb paralysis. Radiographic hemivertebrae have been found in up to 94% of French Bulldogs, including many with no clinical signs, and the resulting spinal instability is linked to later disc herniation.

Qué pedir

There is no blood or DNA test. Ask whether the parents have had spinal radiographs (or MRI, if surgery was ever considered) and what the finding was.

2 sources

Patellar luxation

Monitor

The kneecap slips out of its groove, causing intermittent skipping or lameness. The same RVC VetCompass study found French Bulldogs at increased risk relative to other dogs, and a patella exam is part of the breed's recommended OFA/CHIC panel.

Qué pedir

OFA (or equivalent vet) patellar luxation examination, graded 0-4, on both parents.

2 sources

Eyes

Corneal ulceration (exposure-related)

MonitorInherente a la raza

Prominent, shallow-set eyes leave more of the cornea exposed and reduce corneal sensation, so minor irritation is more likely to progress to an ulcer. The same RVC VetCompass study that examined BOAS also found French Bulldogs at increased risk of eye ulcers compared with other dogs.

Qué pedir

No genetic test exists. Ask whether either parent has a history of recurrent eye ulcers, and check the annual ophthalmic exam record if one exists.

1 source

Juvenile hereditary cataracts (HSF4)

Serious

An early-onset, autosomal recessive cataract that starts before one year old and can progress to blindness by two to three years of age. Screening for it is one of the tests the parent club recommends for a CHIC number in the breed.

Qué pedir

DNA test for the HSF4 mutation on both parents (reported on OFA as CATARACTS (CAT): HSF4-1), alongside an annual ACVO ophthalmologist exam.

2 sources

Breathing

Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS)

SeriousInherente a la raza

The shortened muzzle packs a normal amount of soft tissue into a much smaller airway, obstructing airflow. It shows as noisy breathing, snoring and poor heat tolerance, and can worsen with age or weight gain; severely affected dogs need surgery to breathe adequately. A VetCompass study of over 2,700 French Bulldogs found the breed 30.9 times more likely than other dogs to be diagnosed with BOAS, and 42 times more likely to have narrowed nostrils (stenotic nares).

Qué pedir

The Kennel Club/University of Cambridge Respiratory Function Grading Scheme (RFGS) result (grade 0-3) on both parents, performed by an accredited assessor.

2 sources

Birth & whelping

Dystocia (difficult birth) requiring caesarean delivery

SeriousInherente a la raza

The breed's narrow pelvis and the puppies' relatively large heads make natural whelping difficult and risky for the dam. An RVC VetCompass study found French Bulldog bitches 15.9 times more likely to suffer dystocia than crossbred bitches, and a large share of litters are delivered by planned caesarean rather than naturally.

Qué pedir

No laboratory test exists. Ask the breeder for the dam's whelping history (natural versus caesarean) and whether a vet was involved in planning the birth.

1 source

Cuánto vive la raza French Bulldog, en los registros

Supervivencia mediana de 9,8 años

Intervalo de confianza al 95% de 9,4–10,1 años, a partir de 2495 muertes registradas entre 11.853 perros

Riesgo de mortalidad de 2.22 (2.13, 2.31) respecto a perros mestizos, cuya mediana es de 12,0 años.

Medido en el Reino Unido a partir de 584.734 perros. La supervivencia mediana no es una predicción para un perro concreto.

McMillan, K.M., Bielby, J., Williams, C.L., Upjohn, M.M., Casey, R.A. & Christley, R.M. (2024) Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death. Scientific Reports 14, 531.

Gallery

Todavía sin fotografías

Aquí es donde irán las fotografías de los propios dueños de French Bulldog, desde los perfiles de sus animales que mantienen aquí. Nadie ha añadido ninguna a una página pública todavía.

Una fotografía en un perfil de animal queda privada de su dueño. No pondremos ninguna aquí a menos que nos lo pidan.

Puppies

No puppies listed right now

No French Bulldog breeder has a record on this platform yet, so there is nothing to list. That is a gap in our coverage, not a fact about the breed.

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